A conceptual framework of transformational leadership as an influential tool in the team performance

Purpose of this paper is to identify the relationship between the transformational leadership approach and team performance, to analyze the existing literature that expresses the role of transformational leadership on team performance and to create a guideline for the leaders to increase their performance. Design/ Method/ Approach - To achieve the purpose of the study 86 articles and books were analyzed in terms of transformational leadership, team performance, and the relationship between these two concepts. Findings - Leadership is one of the essential words in today's organizational direction. Despite that, transformational leadership has excellent attention on leadership theory. A few numbers of researches are done on analyzing the relationship between transformational leadership and team performance. The findings show that transformational leadership remains the most crucial leadership style in improving team performance. Theoretical implications - This study's theoretical significance increases opinion and change of judgment for performance appraisal on the working life quality. Practical implications - The practical benefit of this study is that it provides a guideline for managers use the leadership style correctly to increase the performance of a team, and as a result their organization. Originality/ Value - The originality of the study is that no one researcher before has analyzed the relationship between transformational leadership and team performance, like this study, which includes analyzing the existing literature over 50 years of research made on this topic by numerous researchers. Research limitations/ Future research - The projections for further research are to analyze the relationship between the transformational leadership approach and team performance, add other dimensions, and measure their common effects on such relationship. Paper type - theoretical

The Effect of Factors Industrial and Internal to the Firm’s Performance

In this article we analyse the effect of factors industrial and internal to the firm’s performance. Industrial and internal factors are the important issue in today's business environment, which changes constantly. If the enterprise wants to survive, grow and increase profits it must change its strategies continuously. The need for change comes from two main premises: industrial environment and internal environment. From the industrial environment treated competitive forces as (rivalry among competitors, the power of buyers, power of suppliers, the threat of new products, the threat of new entrants), forces that are uncontrollable by the enterprise. Meanwhile, the internal environment is established in the organization, destined to fulfill any requests from external environment. The aim of this paper is to show the linking of industry factors and internal factors on the performance of firms in Kosovo. The methodology used in the paper is a combination of qualitative and quantitative data. Results of the research are processed data of 97 firms that implement their activity in Kosovo, the data are collected in two different period times 2015 and 2017, and were processed with the help of SPSS v 23. The results show that internal business factors have a larger positive impact on firm’s performance than industry factors.&nbsp

Business Incubators as a Factor for the Development of SMEs in Kosovo

This paper treats the role of business incubators in the increase of small and middle enterprises in Kosovo. Business incubators offer the opportunity of growth of SMEs in the start-up phase by creating a comfortable supportive environment for a certain time since their establishment. According to the literature, the business incubator is an important instrument for local, national and beyond economic development. Knowing the difficulties that start-ups face, business incubators enable start-ups to have access in: managerial assistance, mentorship, finances, Office space for the lower price than the market price, flexible rental, technical support services, common management services and secretary as well as other support services. Their opportunities are welcomed and hopeful for the initial phases of the development of SME in Kosovo. The purpose of this paper is to estimate the role of incubators and their impact on business development in Kosovo using the analytical approach. To achieve the objective of this paper, we have analyzed data from existing literature of various authors and reports for the role of business incubators. According to results derived from this paper, we came to a conclusion that business incubators are the main factor for the development of SME and consequently, overall economic growth in Kosovo

The Impact of Informal Economy in the Development of SMEs - Evidence from Kosovo (2008-2012)

This paper discusses the relationship between the informal economy and the development of SMEs in Kosovo. The purpose of this paper is to analyze the informal economy, its causes, effects and its impact on business, as well as government policies to combat the informal economy which is a barrier to business development in Kosovo. During the period of transition, the number of small and medium businesses increased significantly, but their existence depends on external factors, such as informality. The informal economy is present in countries that are structurally and economically fragile, a structure which enables businesses to leave out the formal way of doing business. To meet the objective of this paper we usedthe observation method to analyze the data from different authors and reports about the informal economy and the development of SMEs. Among the key factors for the growth of informality are high taxes which are seen as an obstacle to business growth. According to the outcomes of this paper, we conclude that the informal economy is an obstacle to SME development in Kosovo. This study makes a significant contribution to the scientific and academic value, to the informal economy in the development of SMEs in Kosovo, in the region and beyond

A Conceptual Framework of Transformational Leadership as an Influential Tool in the Team Performance

Purpose – to identify the relationship between the transformational leadership approach and team performance, to analyze the existing literature that expresses the role of transformational leadership on team performance and to create a guideline for the leaders to increase their performance.Design/Method/Approach. To achieve the purpose o.f the study 86 articles and books were analyzed in terms of transformational leadership, team performance, and the relationship between these two concepts.Findings. Leadership is one of the essential words in today's organizational direction. Despite that, transformational leadership has excellent attention on leadership theory. A few numbers of researches are done on analyzing the relationship between transformational leadership and team performance. The findings show that transformational leadership remains the most crucial leadership style in improving team performance.Originality / Value. The originality of the study is that no one researcher before has analyzed the relationship between transformational leadership and team performance, like this study, which includes analyzing the existing literature over 50 years of research made on this topic by numerous researchers.Theoretical implications. This study's theoretical significance increases opinion and change of judgment for performance appraisal on the working life quality.Practical implications. The practical benefit of this study is that it provides a guideline for managers use the leadership style correctly to increase the performance of a team, and as a result their organization.Research limitattions / Future research. The projections for further research are to analyze the relationship between the transformational leadership approach and team performance, add other dimensions, and measure their common effects on such relationship. Paper type – theoretical

Using Management by Objectives as a performance appraisal tool for employee satisfaction

This study deals with the importance of applying Management by Objectives (MBO) method, as a method for performance appraisal (PA) in enhancing employees’ effectiveness. A self- administered questionnaire was used, the number of participants included the survey is 172 employees from 13 firms operating in Kosovo. The study aim is to identify the importance of creating objectives, communication objectives, planning goals, setting control points, employees’ commitment to determine objectives, freedom and independence in fulfilling duties, continuous communication, as steps for realizing MBO method in employees’ effectiveness. The questionnaire of the study has been prepared, the responses obtained, the econometric model is constructed in order to test empirically this relationship, passed through the IBM SPSS v.23.0 program has been utilized for the obtained findings. Results and proposals are brought forward by the matched t-test, independent sample t-test, anova, pearson and correlation used as the hypothesis tests. Econometric results suggested that MBO method should be used as a method of performance appraisal as the employees’ effectiveness is enhanced. Also it resulted that the evaluation of individual employees’ performance and a clear definition of results are the hugest parameters from all the other activities of MBO method which we took in the study to raise employees’ effectiveness in organization. Keywords: Management by Objectives, Performance appraisal, Method, Productivity, Employee effectivenes